Biology (BIOL)

BIOL 100  Principles of Biology (GT-SC2)  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Introduction to basic principles common to all facets of biology. Topics include a brief history of biology, the scientific method, the diversity of life, cell structure and reproduction, and metabolism.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 100L.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC2)

BIOL 100L  Principles of Biology Lab (GT-SC1)  1(0-2)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
To expose the student to problem-solving skills emphasizing the importance of observation and data accumulation.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 100.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC1)

BIOL 112  Nutrition  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Analysis of personal dietary habits and behavior in relation to basic human nutritional needs and food composition.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 121  Environmental Conservation (GT-SC2)  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Historical review of humankind's interrelationship with and impact on the natural environment. Basic principles of ecology and current issues relating to the use of natural resources and environmental problems.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 121L.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC2)

BIOL 121L  Environmental Conservation Lab (GT-SC1)  1(0-2)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Field studies to accompany BIOL 121.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 121.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC1)

BIOL 171  First Year Seminar  1(1-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Biology majors entering the program are provided guidance on studying and skills specific to science. Biological career diversity and planning for degree completion are discussed.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 181  College Biology I/Organismal Bio (GT-SC2)  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Biological diversity and structure-function relationships, evolution and ecology.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 181L.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC2)

BIOL 181L  College Biology I/Organismal Bio Lab (GT-SC1)  1(0-2)  

Fall, Spring.
College Biology I/Organismal Bio Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 181.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC1)

BIOL 182  College Biology II/Cellular Biology (GT-SC2)  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Continuation of BIOL 181. Basic cell structure and function, reproduction and heredity.
Prerequisite: BIOL 181 and CHEM 111 or CHEM 121.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Co-enrollment in BIOL 182L or BIOL 184L recommended.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC2)

BIOL 182L  College Biology II/Cellular Bio Lab (GT-SC1)  1(0-2)  

Fall, Spring.
College Biology II/Cellular Bio Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 182.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC1)

BIOL 183  College Biology I Recitation  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
Critical thinking for College Biology I topics.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 181.

BIOL 184  College Biology II Recitation  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
Critical thinking for College Biology II topics.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 182.

BIOL 184L  Phage Discovery  2(0-4)  

Fall.
Research based introductory course where students find and identify new bacteriophage.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 182.

BIOL 201  Botany (GT-SC2)  2(2-0)  

Spring.
Forms, basic structures, relationships, life histories and evolutionary trends of representatives of the major autotrophic plant groups.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend prerequisites BIOL 181 and BIOL 181L and BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 201L.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC2)

BIOL 201L  Botany Laboratory (GT-SC1)  2(0-4)  

Spring.
Botany Laboratory.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend prerequisites BIOL 181 and BIOL 181L and BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 201.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC1)

BIOL 202  Zoology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Study of anatomy, physiology, evolution, ecology, and biodiversity of invertebrates and vertebrates.
Prerequisite: BIOL 181 and BIOL 181L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend c-enrollment in BIOL 202L. Permission of instructor.
(Gen Ed: ST)

BIOL 202L  Zoology Laboratory  2(0-4)  

Fall, Spring.
Zoology Laboratory.
Prerequisite: BIOL 181 and BIOL 181L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 202. Permission of instructor.
(Gen Ed: ST)

BIOL 203  Zoology Recitation  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
Recitation to accompany BIOL 202.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 202.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 206  Introduction to Microbiology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
For students of nursing and allied health. Applied aspects of medical microbiology.
Prerequisite: BIOL 100 and BIOL 100L or BIOL 223 and BIOL 223L; CHEM 111 and CHEM 111L.
Corequisite: BIOL 206L.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 206L  Introduction to Microbiology Lab  1(0-3)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Introduction to Microbiology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 100 and BIOL 100L or BIOL 223 and BIOL 223L; CHEM 111 and CHEM 111L.
Corequisite: BIOL 206.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 220  Medical Terminology  2(2-0)  

Spring.
Basic prefixes, word roots, combining forms and suffixes of medical terminology and human anatomy are covered, including pronunciation and patient charting.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 223  Human Physiology and Anatomy I (GT-SC2)  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Thorough understanding of the functional/structural aspects of the human body. Topics include body orientation, physiologically important molecules, cell, tissues, integument, skeleton, muscle, nervous system, and senses.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 223L.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC2)

BIOL 223L  Human Physiology and Anatomy I Lab (GT-SC1)  1(0-2)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Human Physiology and Anatomy I Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 223.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC1)

BIOL 224  Human Physiology and Anatomy II (GT-SC2)  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Structure and function of the human body. Topics include endocrine systems, respiration, digestion, metabolism, excretion, fluid-electrolyte balance, cardiovascular and reproductive functions and special senses.
Prerequisite: BIOL 223.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 224L.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC2)

BIOL 224L  Human Physiology and Anatomy II Lab (GT-SC1)  1(0-2)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Human Physiology and Anatomy II Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 224.
(Gen Ed: ST, GT-SC1)

BIOL 291  Special Topics  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Special Topics.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (99).

BIOL 292  Research  (1-3 V)  

As Needed.
Faculty directed research project for undergraduate student.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Approval of department chair. Repeatable (3).

BIOL 294  Field Experience  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Volunteer work experience under program director, department coordinator and faculty supervisor.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (99).

BIOL 301  General Microbiology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Introduction to the bacteria and viruses, including microbial genetics and physiology.
Prerequisite: BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L.
Corequisite: BIOL 301L.
Registration Information: Permission of the instructor.

BIOL 301L  General Microbiology Lab  2(0-4)  

Fall, Spring.
General Microbiology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L.
Corequisite: BIOL 301.
Registration Information: Permission of the instructor.

BIOL 302  Medical Microbiology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Survey of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi.
Prerequisite: BIOL 206 or BIOL 301.
Corequisite: BIOL 302L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 302L  Medical Microbiology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Odd.
Medical Microbiology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 206L or BIOL 301L.
Corequisite: BIOL 302.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 321  Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy  3(3-0)  

Spring.
Comparative study of developmental and functional anatomy of vertebrate animals.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 321L.

BIOL 321L  Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring.
Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 321.

BIOL 350  Mendelian and Population Genetics  2(2-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Survey of basic Mendelian genetics, genetic mapping and population genetics.
Prerequisite: BIOL 182 and MATH 120.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 351  Molecular Biology and Genetics  2(2-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Study of the molecular flow of genetic information, gene regulation and cancer genetics.
Prerequisite: BIOL 350 and CHEM 122 and CHEM122L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 351L  Molecular Biology & Genetics Laboratory  2(0-4)  

Spring.
Molecular biology and bioinformatic investigations of gene function and expression.
Prerequisite: BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L.
Corequisite: BIOL 351.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 352  Evolutionary Biology and Ecology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Spring.
Historical view of the theory of evolution with emphasis on the relationship between organisms and the environment, and the mechanisms and forces that produce evolutionary change.
Prerequisite: BIOL 181 and BIOL 181L and BIOL 182 and BIOL182L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: BIOL 350 recommended as prerequisite.

BIOL 378  Laboratory in Teaching Biology  1(0-2)  

As Needed.
Laboratory preparation, safety, instruction and methods under the guidance and supervision on an instructor.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Secondary teaching concentration. Approval of department chair. Repeatable (99).

BIOL 392  Research  1(0-4-6)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Faculty directed research project for undergraduate student.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Students must have either taken 1 credit of BIOL 292, equivalent research experience (e.g. CBASE/Discovery Scholars, research at a different school, REUs, etc.), or have junior/senior standing. Approval of research faculty required. Repeatable (3).

BIOL 394  Field Experience  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Volunteer work experience under program director, program coordinator, and faculty supervisor.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (99).

BIOL 402  Immunology  3(3-0)  

Spring.
Cellular and molecular interactions and principles of innate and adaptive immunity including immune disorders, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, infections, and cancer.
Prerequisite: BIOL 206 or BIOL 301 or BIOL 302.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 351 as prerequisite.

BIOL 403  Virology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Even.
Molecular aspects of viral infection of bacteria, plants, and animals including viral replication, host range, host defenses, antiviral drugs, and viral ecology.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 403L  Virology Lab  1(0-2)  

Fall.
Virology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 403.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 412  Cellular Biology  3(3-0)  

Spring.
Structural and functional organization of the cell, life cycles of cells, intracellular digestion, protein synthesis and cell death.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351 and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L.
Corequisite: BIOL 412L.
Registration Information: CHEM 302 and 302L strongly recommended as pre or corequisite.

BIOL 412L  Cellular Biology Lab  1(0-3)  

Spring.
Cellular Biology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and 301L and BIOL 351 and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L.
Corequisite: BIOL 412.
Registration Information: CHEM 302 and 302L are strongly recommended pre or corequisites.

BIOL 413  Plant Physiology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Thorough examination of general physiology and function of plant body systems.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend prerequisites of BIOL 201 and BIOL 201L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 413L.

BIOL 413L  Plant Physiology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Odd.
Plant Physiology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend prerequisites of BIOL 201 and BIOL 201L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 413.

BIOL 414  Vertebrate Physiology  3(3-0)  

Fall.
General physiology and the functions of animal and human body systems.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L and MATH 156 strongly recommended as prerequisite. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 414L.

BIOL 414L  Vertebrate Physiology Lab  1(0-2)  

Fall.
Vertebrate Physiology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommended co-enrollment in BIOL 414.

BIOL 415  Medical Physiology  3(3-0)  

Fall.
Medical physiology focusing on human body systems and their regulation, disorders, diagnosis, and treatments. Includes circulatory, respiratory, endocrine, nervous, muscular, digestive, reproductive, and urinary.
Prerequisites: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L.
Corequisites: None.
Registration Information: Must be Junior or Senior level.

BIOL 421  Histology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
A microscopic study of vertebrate tissues and organs.
Prerequisite: BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L and CHEM 122 and CHEM 122L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 421L.

BIOL 421L  Histology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Odd.
Histology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 182 and 182L and CHEM 122 and CHEM 122L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 421.

BIOL 422  Neurobiology  3(3-0)  

Spring, Even.
Fundamentals of neuroscience, cellular and molecular signaling in the nervous system, electrophysiological properties of neurons, sensory and motor systems, and cellular mechanisms of cognition.
Prerequisite: BIOL 351.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 432  Developmental Biology  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Theory and principles of the development of representative vertebrate and invertebrate animals, with particular emphasis on the frog, chick, and Drosophila.
Prerequisite: BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 432L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 432L  Developmental Biology Lab  2(0-4)  

As Needed.
Developmental Biology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 432.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 440  Advanced Biotechniques  2(2-0)  

Fall, Odd.
Advanced lab covering cellular/molecular techniques and instrumentation. May include Flow cytometry, advanced microscopy, molecular cloning, CRISPR, Western blots, quantitative PCR, and next generation sequencing.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 440L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 440L  Advanced Biotechniques Lab  2(0-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Advanced laboratory-based class covering important cellular/molecular techniques and instruments. Topics include Flow cytometry, Advanced Microscopy, Molecular Cloning, CRISPR, Western Blots, and Quantitative PCR.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 440.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 441  Freshwater Invertebrate Zoology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Classification, phylogeny, systematics, morphology, physiology, and natural history of freshwater invertebrates inclusive of insects.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 441L.
Registration Information: BIOL 202 and 202L recommended as prerequisites.

BIOL 441L  Freshwater Invertebrate Zoology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Odd.
Freshwater Invertebrate Zoology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 441.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 443  Limnology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Even.
Biology, chemistry and physics of lakes and rivers.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Co-enrollment in BIOL 443L strongly recommended.

BIOL 443L  Limnology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Even.
Limnology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 443.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 448  Biological Statistics  3(3-0)  

As Needed.
This course is an undergraduate class stacked from an already approved graduate course, BIOL 548.
Prerequisite: MATH 156.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 452  Advanced Microscopy  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Theory and application of microscopy to the biological sciences. Includes preparation of cells and tissues for examination, scope, operation, and image analysis.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 452L.
Registration Information: Strongly recommend BIOL 301 and 301L as prerequisites.

BIOL 452L  Advanced Microscopy Lab  2(0-4)  

As Needed.
Advanced Microscopy Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 452.
Registration Information: Strongly recommend BIOL 301 and 301L as prerequisites.

BIOL 453  Ecology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Even.
Interrelationships among organisms and their environment, employing quantitative methods and conceptual models.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 453L.
Registration Information: Strongly recommended BIOL 352, and MATH 126 and MATH 221 as prerequisites.

BIOL 453L  Ecology Field Studies  2(0-4)  

Fall, Even.
Ecology Field Studies.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 453.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 454  Behavioral Ecology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Odd.
Evolution and adaptive significance of animal behaviors with a focus on current research.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 460  Survey of Genomics and Bioinformatics  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Theory and practice of genome analysis including use of statistics, databases and biomolecular sequence analysis software.
Prerequisite: BIOL 351.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 461  Applied Geospatial Technology (GIS/GPS)  3(2-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Theory and practice of using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for geographic data analysis, and to georeference data.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Junior or senior standing.

BIOL 462  Environmental Policy & Management  3(3-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Scientific basis of environmental regulations applied to air/water quality, solid waste, and hazardous waste; technologies and procedures used by generators to achieve compliance.
Prerequisite: BIOL 352.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 465  Environmental Toxicology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Even.
Basic principles of toxicology, interaction of xenobiotics with living organisms and the environment, and the impact of pollutants on the ecosystem.
Prerequisite: BIOL 181 and BIOL 181L and BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: CHEM 302 and CHEM 302L strongly recommended as prerequisite.

BIOL 473  Med. Tech. Clinical Rotation I  12(5-14)  

As Needed.
Coursework and clinical training in an affiliated medical laboratory sciences facility. Specific course of study determined by facility.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 474  Med. Tech. Clinical Rotation II  12(5-14)  

As Needed.
Coursework and clinical training in an affiliated medical laboratory sciences facility. Specific course of study determined by facility.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 475  Med. Tech. Clinical Rotation III  6(3-6)  

As Needed.
Coursework and clinical training in an affiliated medical laboratory sciences facility. Specific course of study determined by facility.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 479  Ichthyology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Odd.
The morphology, taxonomy and ecology of fishes; an introduction to fishery biology and aquaculture.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 479L.

BIOL 479L  Ichthyology Laboratory  1(0-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Ichthyology Laboratory.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 479.

BIOL 481  Entomology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Odd.
Evolutionary biology and management of insects. Impact of arthropods on the balance of nature. Medical and veterinary entomology. Arthropods as vectors of human and animal diseases.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: BIOL 481L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 481L  Entomology Lab  1(0-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Entomology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 481.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 482  Herpetology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Even.
Diversity, anatomy, physiology, evolution, and ecology of reptiles of amphibians. Emphasis will be placed on novel evolutionary adaptations within the major taxa.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: BIOL 482L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 482L  Herpetology Lab  1(0-2)  

Fall, Even.
Herpetology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: BIOL 482.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 483  Mammalogy  2(2-0)  

Spring, Even.
Evolution, classification and biology of mammals; practice in identifying and preparing specimens.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202.
Corequisite: BIOL 483L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 483L  Mammalogy Lab  1(0-2)  

Spring, Even.
Mammalogy Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202.
Corequisite: BIOL 483.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 484  Ornithology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Classification, life history, laboratory and field identification of birds.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202.
Corequisite: BIOL 484L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 484L  Ornithology Lab  1(0-2)  

Spring, Odd.
Ornithology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202.
Corequisite: BIOL 484.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 485  Plant Taxonomy  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Identification of the common vascular plant families of Colorado with an emphasis on the flowering plants; study of their systematic relationships.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommended BIOL 201 and 201L as prerequisite. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 485L.

BIOL 485L  Plant Taxonomy Lab  2(0-4)  

As Needed.
Plant Taxonomy Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 201 and 201L as prerequisite. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 485.

BIOL 486  Field Botany  3(3-0)  

As Needed.
Principles and applications of field techniques used in vegetation assessment, surveys, and vegetation monitoring.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommended BIOL 201 and BIOL 201L.

BIOL 491  Special Topics  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Special Topics.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (99).

BIOL 492  Research  1(0-4-6)  

Fall, Spring, Summer.
Faculty directed research project for undergraduate student.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Students must have either taken 1 credit of BIOL 292, equivalent research experience (e.g. CBASE/Discovery Scholars, research at a different school, REUs, etc.), or have junior/senior standing. Approval of research faculty required. Repeatable (3).

BIOL 493  Seminar  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
Seminar for majors and minors concerning unique, current, or unusual topics in biology. Speakers may include guests, faculty, or students.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Senior standing. Completion of Biology core.

BIOL 494  Field Experience  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Volunteer work experience under program director, program coordinator and faculty supervisor.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (99).

BIOL 495  Independent Study  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Independent Study.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Junior standing. Permission of instructor. Repeatable (99).

BIOL 498  Internship  (5-15 V)  

As Needed.
Work experience in the Biology discipline under the combined supervision of the selected organization and a faculty member.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (99).

BIOL 502  Immunology  3(3-0)  

Spring.
Cellular and molecular interactions and principles of innate and adaptive immunity including immune disorders, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, infections, and cancer.
Prerequisite: BIOL 206 or BIOL 301 or BIOL 302.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 351 as prerequisite.

BIOL 503  Virology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Even.
Molecular aspects of viral infection of bacteria, plants, and animals including viral replication, host range, host defenses, antiviral drugs, and viral ecology.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 503L  Virology Lab  1(0-2)  

Fall.
Virology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351 and BIOL 503.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Permission of instructor.

BIOL 505  Foundations in Graduate Studies  3(3-0)  

As Needed.
Effective sourcing, use, and interpretation of the literature. Scientific methodology, writing, and review of research ethics. Development of a science plan.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Admission to MS program.

BIOL 510  (CBC 510)  Foundations in Graduate Studies  3(3-0)  

Fall.
Effective sourcing, use, and interpretation of the literature. Scientific methodology, writing, and review of research ethics. Development of a science plan.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Admission to MS program.

BIOL 512  Cellular Biology  3(3-0)  

Spring.
Structural and functional organization of the cell, life cycles of cells, intracellular digestion, protein synthesis and cell death.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 512L.
Registration Information: CHEM 302 and CHEM 302L strongly recommended as a prerequisite.

BIOL 512L  Cellular Biology Lab  1(0-3)  

Spring.
Cellular Biology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 512.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 513  Plant Physiology  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Thorough examination of general physiology and function of plant body systems.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 201 and BIOL 201L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L as prerequisites. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 513L.

BIOL 513L  Plant Physiology Lab  2(0-4)  

As Needed.
Plant Physiology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 201 and BIOL 201L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L as prerequisites. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 513L.

BIOL 514  Vertebrate Physiology  3(3-0)  

Fall.
General physiology and the functions of animal and human body systems.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Strongly recommend CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L and MATH 159 as prerequisites. Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 514L.

BIOL 514L  Vertebrate Physiology Lab  1(0-1)  

Fall.
Vertebrate Physiology Lab.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L and MATH 156 are strongly recommended as prerequisites. Recommended co-enrollment in BIOL 514.

BIOL 515  Medical Physiology  3(3-0)  

Fall.
Medical physiology focusing on human body systems and their regulation, disorders, diagnosis, and treatments. Includes circulatory, respiratory, endocrine, nervous, muscular, digestive, reproductive, and urinary.
Prerequisites: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L and CHEM 301 and CHEM 301L.
Corequisites: None.
Registration Information: Graduate level standing.

BIOL 521  Histology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
A microscopic study of vertebrate tissues and organs.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 521L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 521L  Histology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Odd.
Histology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 521.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 522  Neurobiology  3(3-0)  

Spring, Even.
Fundamentals of neuroscience, cellular and molecular signaling in the nervous system, electrophysiological properties of neurons, sensory and motor systems, and cellular mechanisms of cognition.
Prerequisite: BIOL 351.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 532  Developmental Biology  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Theory and principles of the development of representative vertebrate and invertebrate animals, with particular emphasis on the frog, chick, and Drosophila.
Prerequisite: BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 532L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 532L  Developmental Biology Lab  2(0-4)  

As Needed.
Developmental Biology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 532.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 540  Advanced Biotechniques  2(2-0)  

Fall, Odd.
Advanced lab covering cellular/molecular techniques and instrumentation. May include Flow cytometry, advanced microscopy, molecular cloning, CRISPR, Western blots, quantitative PCR, and next generation sequencing.
Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 540L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 540L  Advanced Biotechniques Lab  2(0-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Advanced laboratory-based class covering important cellular/molecular techniques and instruments. Topics include Flow cytometry, Advanced Microscopy, Molecular Cloning, CRISPR, Western Blots, and Quantitative PC.
+ Prerequisite: BIOL 301 and BIOL 301L and BIOL 351.
Corequisite: BIOL 540.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 541  Freshwater Invertebrate Zoology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Classification, phylogeny, systematics, morphology, physiology, and natural history of freshwater invertebrates inclusive of insects.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 541L.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L as prerequisites.

BIOL 541L  Freshwater Invertebrate Zoology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Odd.
Freshwater Invertebrate Zoology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 541.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L as prerequisites.

BIOL 543  Limnology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Even.
Biology, chemistry, and physics of lakes and rivers.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 543L  Limnology Lab  2(0-4)  

Spring, Even.
Limnology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 548  Biological Statistics  3(3-0)  

As Needed.
Basic statistical methods necessary to understand, evaluate, analyze and interpret scientific literature and experimental results.
Prerequisite: MATH 156.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 552  Advanced Microscopy  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Theory and application of microscopy to the biological sciences. Includes preparation of cells and tissues for examination, scope operation, and image analysis.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 552L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 552L  Advanced Microscopy Lab  2(0-4)  

As Needed.
Advanced Microscopy Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 552.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 553  Ecology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Even.
Interrelationships among organisms and their environment, employing quantitative methods and conceptual models.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 553L.
Registration Information: Recommend BIOL 352 as prerequisite.

BIOL 553L  Ecology Field Studies  2(0-4)  

Fall, Even.
Ecology Field Studies.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 553.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 554  Behavioral Ecology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Odd.
Evolution and adaptive significance of animal behaviors with a focus on current research.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: BIOL 202 recommended as prerequisite.

BIOL 559  Comprehensive Exam  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
Preparation and administration of comprehensive exam for degree completion.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Permission of director.

BIOL 560  Survey of Genomics & Bioinformatics  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Theory and practice of genome analysis including use of statistics, databases and biomolecular sequence analysis software.
Prerequisite: BIOL 351.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 561  Applied Geospatial Technology (GIS/GPS)  3(2-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Theory and practice of using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for geographic data analysis, and to georeference data.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 562  Environmental Policy & Management  3(3-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Scientific basis of environmental regulations applied to air/water quality, solid waste, and hazardous waste; technologies and procedures used by generators to achieve compliance.
Prerequisite: BIOL 352.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 565  Environmental Toxicology  3(3-0)  

Fall, Even.
Basic principles of toxicology, interaction of the xenobiotics with living organisms and the environment, and the impact of pollutants on the ecosystem.
Prerequisite: BIOL 181 and BIOL 181L and BIOL 182 and BIOL 182L.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: CHEM 302 and 302L is strongly strongly recommended as prerequisite.

BIOL 568  Evolution  3(3-0)  

As Needed.
Overview of the basic concepts in evolutionary biology with focus on patterns and processes through the use of molecular and organismal examples.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 577  Current Issues in Biology  (1 V)  

As Needed.
Discussion of presentations by student and faculty speakers, primary literature, and TED Talks related to a number of biological research areas.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (3).

BIOL 578  Practicum in Laboratory Instruction  1(0-2)  

Fall, Spring.
Laboratory preparation, instruction, and methods under the guidance and supervision of a professor.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Graduate standing. Permission of program director and chair. Repeatable (4).

BIOL 579  Ichthyology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Odd.
The morphology, taxonomy and ecology of fishes; an introduction to fishery biology and aquaculture.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 579L.

BIOL 579L  Ichthyology Laboratory  1(0-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Ichthyology Laboratory.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 479.

BIOL 581  Entomology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Odd.
Evolutionary biology and management of insects. Impact of arthropods on the balance of nature. Medical and veterinary entomology. Arthropods as vectors of human and animal diseases.
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 and BIOL 202L.
Corequisite: BIOL 581L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 581L  Entomology Lab  1(0-2)  

Fall, Odd.
Entomology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 581.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 582  Herpetology  2(2-0)  

Fall, Even.
Diversity, anatomy, physiology, evolution, and ecology of reptiles of amphibians. Emphasis will be placed on novel evolutionary adaptations within the major taxa.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 582L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 582L  Herpetology Lab  1(0-2)  

Fall, Even.
Herpetology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 582.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 583  Mammalogy  2(2-0)  

Spring, Even.
Evolution, classification and biology of mammals; practice in identifying and preparing specimens.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 583L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 583L  Mammalogy Lab  1(0-2)  

Spring, Even.
Mammalogy Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 583.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 584  Ornithology  2(2-0)  

Spring, Odd.
Classification, life history, laboratory and field identification of birds.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 584L.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 584L  Ornithology Lab  1(0-2)  

Spring, Odd.
Ornithology Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: BIOL 584.
Registration Information: None.

BIOL 585  Plant Taxonomy  2(2-0)  

As Needed.
Identification of common vascular plant families of Colorado with an emphasis on the flowering plants; study of their systematic relationships.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 585L.

BIOL 585L  Plant Taxonomy Lab  2(0-4)  

As Needed.
Plant Taxonomy Lab.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommend co-enrollment in BIOL 585.

BIOL 586  Field Botany  3(3-0)  

As Needed.
Principles and applications of field techniques used in vegetation assessment, surveys, and vegetation monitoring.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Recommended prerequisite of BIOL 201 and 201L.

BIOL 588  Internship Seminar  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
Graduate internship presentation and examination for completion of MS degree option within the Graduate Programs in Natural Sciences.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Graduate standing.

BIOL 589  Thesis Defense  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
Thesis presentation for completion of MS degree option within the Graduate Programs in Natural Sciences.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Graduate standing.

BIOL 591  Special Topics  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Special Topics.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Repeatable (99).

BIOL 592  Research  (1-6 V)  

As Needed.
Faculty directed research project for graduate students.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Graduate standing. Approval of department chair or program director. Repeatable (99).

BIOL 593  (CBC 593, CHEM 593)  Seminar  1(1-0)  

As Needed.
An interdisciplinary seminar on topics appropriate to the application of natural sciences.
Prerequisite: BIOL 510 or CBC 510 or CHEM 510.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Admission to MS program.

BIOL 595  Independent Study  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Independent Study
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Graduate standing. Permission of instructor and department chair.

BIOL 598  Internship  (1-4 V)  

As Needed.
Volunteer or paid work experience under the combined supervision of the selected organization and a faculty member.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Graduate standing.

BIOL 599  Thesis Research  (1-6 V)  

As Needed.
Continued enrollment is dependent upon satisfactory progress in thesis work.
Prerequisite: None.
Corequisite: None.
Registration Information: Graduate standing. Approval of department chair. Repeatable (6).